What is a sensitive period?
In response to the environment, neuronal pathways can change their local connectivity, their strength, and also their myelination, surrounding themselves with an insulating sheath of myelin, which accelerates their messages and thus facilitates the transmission of information from one region to another—yet they cannot reorient themselves at will.
(p.102)
Peak plasticity of sensory areas is around age of 1 or 2.
higher-cortex peaks around late childhood or early Adolescence
In each region of the cortex, incessant waves of overproduction are followed by a selective retraction of useless Synapses or, on the contrary, a multiplication of those synapses and dendritic and axonal branches that have proven their worth.
(p.103)
⇒ Dendrites
the sensory areas’ organization freezes early while high-level areas are changeable for much longer
- Visual cortex: freezes at around age 2
- A1 Auditory Cortex: around age 3
- PFC: around age 5 - 10
sensory areas are the first ones with good insulation by myelin.
For years, young children possess a hybrid brain: their sensory and motor circuits are quite mature, while their higher-level areas continue to operate at the slow speed of unmyelinated circuitry.
(p.105)
In Israel a few weeks of thiamine deprivation, in the first months of their lives, were enough to make them forever lose a sense for syntax.
(p.110)
⇒ Nutrition as a Key Element of Learning
see also
The Power and Limits of Synaptic Plasticity
Die Entwicklung des Gehirns
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Erstellt: 27-04-22 12:57