Feeling someone else’s pain
by around age seven, kids are expressing their Empathy. By ages ten through twelve, empathy is more generalized and abstracted—empathy for “poor people,” rather than one individual (downside: this is also when kids first negatively stereotype categories of people).
(p.168)
By Adolescence, boys tend to accept inequality more than girls do, on utilitarian grounds. And both sexes are acquiescing to inequality as social convention—“
(p.168)
⇒ Gleichberechtigung
⇒ Gender equality and math
feeling it
you see a hand poked with a needle, and the part of your Somatosensory Cortex that maps onto your hand activates, sensitizing you to the imagined sensation. Perhaps your Primary Motor Cortex will also activate, causing you to compress your own hand.
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“sympathy” means you feel sorry for someone else’s pain without understanding it. In contrast, “Empathy” contains the cognitive component of understanding the cause of someone’s pain, taking his perspective, walking in his shoes.
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⇒ Empathy, Sympathy, and Moral Reasoning
this shared pain only occurred between mice that were cagemates.
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But as far as those neurons in the Anterior Cingulate Cortex are concerned, social and literal pain are the same.
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literal and psychic pain
instead watch your beloved get shocked in the same way. Pain-ometer brain regions are silent, but the Anterior Cingulate Cortex activates. For those neurons, feeling someone else’s pain isn’t just a figure of speech.
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Moreover, the brain intermixes literal and psychic pain.
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the brain becomes literal when we do the flip side of Empathy. It’s painful watching a hated competitor succeed, and we activate the ACC at that time. Conversely, if he fails, we gloat, feel schadenfreude, get pleasure from his pain, and activate dopamine circuit (dopamine reward system). Forget “Your pain is my pain.” Your pain is my gain.
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see also
Die Entwicklung des Gehirns
Pain Perception
Tags: neuroscience science
Superlink: 050 🧠Neuroscience
Quellen
Chapter 7 Back to the Crib Back to the Womb
Chapter 14 Feeling Someone’s Pain Understanding Someone’s Pain Alleviating Someone’s Pain
Chapter 15 Metaphors We Kill By
Erstellt: 15-05-22 07:50